Matt, there isn't an "interconnection dilemma" and the question itself isn't relevant. This country has, and has always had, the technology, capital, and the intellectual capacity to build out the grid to any reasonably forseeable increase in load, from AI or elsewhere. The issue, if we're being honest and not catering to false-choice "process" issues, is, do we really WANT to keep putting up these dystopian hyperscale data centers?
Just look at the damage and division, in and among communities in PJM Interconnection alone, that they are causing--in grossly-increased ratepayer costs, environmental damage, and moral hazards. I've written about that here, several times.
But let's ask Rep. Greg Casar (D-TX), responding to questions today to CNBC, on the federal government's (Congress AND the Administration) refusal to even mildly regulate AI companies:
“The problem we face right now in the US is that the govt is doing nothing on AI. The govt is doing nothing to stop AI from taking your jobs, from exploiting your kid, from giving advice to a terrorist, from being a cybersecurity threat. It’s because these AI companies have funded massive super PACs.”
So, it's not, how can we "interconnect AI data centers better," or more efficiently, or more cheaply. It's "do we want more data centers going up, at all?"
And increasingly, loudly, and even angrily, more and more communities are saying NO.