Residential solar, objectively....
A house that installs a solar system to zero the utility bill produces surplus during the day (exported to the public grid) and "receives it back" at night (importing from the public grid).
Simple and easy! Accounting is by kWh.
And where is the "catch"?
The local concessionaire no longer sells to this customer the original volume.
And so what?
As solar energy becomes important in market penetration, this reduction in sales is a factor in increasing the cost of local utilities. For the simple fact that the same infrastructure will serve a smaller volume of billed energy.
And so what?
The concessionaire will receive a tariff increase from the regulatory agency to compensate for these losses.
And so what?
All customers of this concessionaire will pay this increase.