Bulk Transport Options for Green Molecules

Bulk Transport Options for Green Molecules

By this decade, the major hydrogen suppliers are expected to include the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region, but also, Mauritania, Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Argentina and Canada. By 2050, a substantial increase in global hydrogen demand is predicted and projected to rise from 90 million tons per annum (Mt/a) to approximately 650 Mt/a. The global hydrogen trade is poised to instigate a significant geopolitical realignment as energy.

Hydrogen Demand and Supply: As the world aims to reduce carbon emissions, hydrogen is expected to play a crucial role. The MENA region, along with other countries like Mauritania, Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Canada, are expected to emerge as major hydrogen suppliers. Anticipated demand by 2050 is predicted to rise from 90 million tons to approximately 650 million tons annually.

Europe's Ambitious Targets: The European Union (EU) has set ambitious targets for achieving climate neutrality by 2050. To replace traditional fossil fuels, the EU aims to produce 10 million tons per year of domestic renewable hydrogen and import an additional 10 million tons per year by 2030.

Hydrogen Transport Options: The study explores various transport options for hydrogen, including long-distance pipelines, repurposing existing natural gas pipelines, and maritime transportation using mediums like ammonia and Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC). Each option has its own advantages and cost considerations.

Repurposing Gas Pipelines: Repurposing existing gas pipelines into dedicated hydrogen transport infrastructure is a cost-effective option compared to constructing new pipelines. However, careful evaluation is required for each conversion case.

Maritime Hydrogen Transportation: Maritime transport, using ammonia or LOHC, proves to be cost-competitive for long distances. The choice of transportation medium and associated conversion costs are factors to consider.

Harmonizing Regulations: Standardization of hydrogen technology and regulations is crucial for its widespread implementation. European standardization organizations are actively developing regulations suitable for hydrogen transportation systems, aiming to have coherent and appropriate standards in place by 2030.
 

Hydrogen Transport